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野 山 清 凉 2009年 6月26日至6月28日，我们一行六人在向导蔡胜民的协作下，完成大别山霍山龙井河1号线局部、广家河2号线全程和狼牙谷3号线大半程的徒步穿越，观瀑嬉水。 喜欢行走，是因为心向林泉。如果你的骨子里刻满了随性与浪漫，那这个世界就无所谓城市与荒原。 2009.6.26，凌晨四点，我们一行六人驱车来到大别山堆谷山村。小憩两个小时，醒来就开始摘向导老蔡家的桃子充饥。 我和老蔡商量了一下行程，酷暑难耐，此行主要去水区。略去1号线无瀑布的地区，必要走完2号线，也就是强度难度最大的广家河瀑布区，3号线主要安排腐败项目。上图红线部分就是广家河线，线路内有11道瀑布，依次为玲珑瀑、贴心瀑、老虎夹瀑、珍珠瀑、万字瀑、彩虹瀑、三道崖瀑、黄崖瀑、飞天瀑、美女献秘瀑和老牛撒尿瀑。返程途经神龙首瀑和龙王樽瀑，再插入1号线看鲤鱼跳龙门瀑，经24道弯回堆谷山村。蓝线是3号线，狼牙谷线，相对强度较低，适宜嬉水。([]
最新章节： 第521章 风景 （ 2024-05-27 02:32:11）
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杜品杰旅行，之于我，是一种生活状态和生活方式，再次背上行囊，离开熟悉的大都市，只身一人来到让我热爱不已的四川，来对一直没机会去看看的阿坝州、甘孜州等地做一次探索。一个月，从秋走到冬，再从冬走到秋，收获的不仅仅在相机镜头里，还在心里，有暖暖的情谊和让人珍藏的友情……这种感觉，在回到家整理照片和游记的时候尤为浓烈，在收到朋友短信问候的时候尤为温暖，在网上交换照片的时候尤为欣慰，在掩上电脑回忆时候尤为感怀……四川，我还会再来的！路线介绍：出门基本没计划过，脑子里只想过九寨、德格两个地方，为了把这两个地方串起来，于是：成都-九寨-黄龙-松潘-汶川-桃坪羌寨-理县-毕棚沟-米亚罗-马尔康-丹巴-甘孜-德格-甘孜-新都桥-康定-泸定-磨西-西昌-泸沽湖-西昌-雅安-峨眉-双流第一站：九寨从成都开往九寨的车，早上8点开到晚上5点。当时怨声载道，不过整个月走下来，这条路还算较好的路了。由于5.12地震后对从汶川、茂县、松潘进九寨的路影响很大，这段路一直在修，导致进九寨的路采取“单进双出”的限制措施，不仅是这个方向，从绵阳、平武进九寨也是限制的。每天从成都新南门车站开往九寨方向的车有四班，其中最后一班8点钟的是加班车。前一晚到达成都已经6点多，买票的时候已经是最后几个座位了。高昂的票价让我咋舌不已，170大元。以前导游书上说，120元左右的，看来真是物价飞涨啊然而，进九寨的一瞬，会让你觉得再辛苦也是值得的，因为九寨，真的是一个让任何形容词都失色的童话世界令人无比意外的是，今年冬天来得早，九寨秋叶正灿烂的时候，已经下了第一场雪。最高点则查洼沟的长海和日则沟的原始森林已经完全是银装素裹的世界。第一天和前一日在青旅认识的三个朋友一起进沟，到树正寨下来放下行李。早上7点多，有人没有几个，坐上景区巴士人也空空落落。树正寨似乎也才苏醒过来，在丹果(音)家住下，就急匆匆地赶往长海。天上正飘雨，感到有点小郁闷。前面几天可正是晴天呢。哎，运气不好。匆匆走过树正群海，在老虎海乘车点坐上网长海方向的车。一路上绚烂的秋叶、变黄的松树、前几日降霜后雪白的高山针叶林层层叠叠，层次感分明。随着海拔渐高，在下季节海的转弯处，彩色渐退，过渡至银色。窗外开始淅淅沥沥的小雨，逐渐变成飘雪。雪花打着弯向车窗铺来，虽然冷，我们还是情不自禁地拉开窗门，让雪点打在脸上。从下季节海到上季节海的路上，经过一片挺长的松树林，雪积得不厚，恰到好处地压在绿色的松枝上，让整片林子一层白一层绿，煞是沉静。上季节海面前，周遭的山体已经全然是白色，海子在天色、林子颜色的映衬下，完全是一片宁静的白，水面上飘起的一阵雾气，轻柔炫目。顺便说一下，上下季节海是不停车的，只能从车窗往外观赏终于，接驳车停在长海面前。一个观景台让长海的容颜一览无余。游人兴奋地在海子边拍照，但大家似乎都没有大声喧哗，不愿破坏这恬静的景色。初到长海，正逢第一层雾气在日渐温度的作用下飘起来，海子周围的山显露出来，雾气一层一层，把山体也隔成一层一层，浓淡相宜的山和雾在镜头中营造出仙境一般的感觉。美总是和爱美之人做时间赛跑，清晰的山湖海转瞬即逝，雾气再次聚拢在山体上，除了海子的表面，白茫茫的一片，似乎连自己都成了雾中的一份子。从观景台的右手边下行可到达长海水面上的栈道，和海子如此贴近，水中孤岛落满白雪，清晰地倒影在水面上。前方树林时隐时现，一会儿让水面呈现出海市蜃楼般美丽，一会儿水面又呈现出纯净的白，没有言语词汇能够形容这样的景色，唯有在岸边静静地欣赏。冬景很耐看，一种冷静冷峻的美虽然只有黑白，却让人总想往深处探寻也许大多数人都是冲着九寨之秋来的，没想到轻而易举地同时拥有了两个季节的感觉。秋，就像少女的眼神，含情脉脉，灼热斑斓；而冬，就好似深谙世事却风韵不减的少妇，平静地诉说着故事，让人回味。长海看台往左手边有个栈道可以下到海子的边上，这里更能看到海子的精华我们下到栈道时，游客很少，大多聚集在观景台附近。整条栈道上脚印也没有几个，此处雪厚，把自己的脚印印上去，特别清晰。一路可以走到贴近山边的镜头，倒下来的木头上也覆盖着一层雪，这是才意识到自己是走进原始森林了。和朋友在栈道上拍了很久，搞怪出各种动作，都不愿离去。来了三个兵哥哥，虽然严肃，但看上去年纪很小，让我们都觉得他们是乘巡逻之机娱乐一番。他们自己滚个大雪球，大起雪仗来。我们就上去拉他们拍照，他们立刻又做出一副严肃的样子，很有意思。最终，一个大概是年纪最小的被我们扣下来拍照，照片上我们笑得好灿烂，他却有点尴尬，很有意思呢。 离开长海，沿着栈道去五彩池。栈道不长，但走的很慢，一是路上不停地发现拍摄点，大家停下来拍个不停，二是前面一天下雪，栈道结冰了，一个姐姐的鞋子很滑，走起来小心翼翼。景区工作人员虽然已经不停地铲雪，但树上融雪掉下来，还是很快地在地面结冰。一路上可拍的点很多，虽然只有黑色和白色，即树木枝干和雪，但此景能出些音调分明的片子。很多爱好者架着脚架，在此耐心选景，冷对他们早已不是问。他们亮丽的衣服颜色，在冰天雪地中反而成为亮点，成为景色的一部分。五彩池，开始我以为是五个色彩各异的池子，原来是一个能呈现出五种颜色的池。当然了，海拔3000多米的地方已经率先进入冬季，五花山的色彩已经褪去，五彩池自然也不能呈现出五种颜色了。不过，这纯净的蓝色却不受天气的影响，即便在这样的天气，依然蓝得深邃。短短的一段栈道，我们走过就用了一个小时，因为一步一景，可拍的太多了。有的拍湖水，有的拍叶子，有的拍远山，有的拍水里的枯木。岸边还堆了一个雪人，广东姐姐把黄色围巾放上去，好漂亮，顿时成为一个新景点，我们拍好，在排队等拍照的人就请求他们不要取走围巾。冬雪覆盖下的五彩池有种透彻的美感，蓝色的睡眠静静地倒影着银装的山和松树，很淡雅的美快出五花海栈道时，天突然放晴，感受到太阳光温暖的一刹那，似乎整个五彩池也活跃起来。周围树林上的雪反射出的光，水面反射出星辉般的光，交汇在一起，我们霸占了栈道的一个绝好拍摄角落，很久不愿离去。游客真不少，我们缓慢地 向前挪动，不是走不过去，而是舍不得走从五彩池下来的坐车点，往下走几步，就是上季节海了，远远地看一眼，也是很好的享受。远处有一片工地，似乎在建房子，也许以后，上季节海也会成为一个停留点的。原来以为则查洼沟这边两个点很快就看完了，没想到从五彩池出来已经下午1点了。坐车回到诺日朗中心站，匆匆吃过午饭，几乎就是把食物拿出来胡乱往嘴里塞进去，就马上搭车向日则沟方向去。坐在右手边，一路是看不完的海子，不绝于耳的赞叹声。在诺日朗中心站稍作休息后，来到了日则沟尽头的原始森林。从上往下，是整个九寨沟的精华所在。这只是原始森林最靠外的一部分，所谓的“深山老林”还在更远处。在林子里，感到格外的静，人的说话声会被树叶吸收似地，隔一段距离，都听不清楚了。从原始森林下栈道走，经过芳草海和天鹅海，相对于五花海等景点，这里游客相对稀少。栈道隐在山林一侧，茂密的水草掩盖了海子，仅留出一条细细的水道让海子流淌过。天鹅海上有很多草甸子，说是雪足够厚覆盖着草甸子，就好像天鹅绒一般细腻。这两天的雪尚不足以完全覆盖草甸，略有遗憾。天鹅海虽然有白色天鹅羽翼的装点，但绿草青青还是很舒服的色彩重新上车过箭竹海，此海子得名源于此处生长的是熊猫爱吃的箭竹，据导游说，97年竹子大面积开花过，现在这片海子，完全是新生长的。往下不远就是熊猫海了，这个海子是冬天唯一结冰的海，但没明白为什么，位于3000多米的长海难道不结冰么？熊猫海栈道往里走，可看见完美的远山倒影，这里似乎比镜海还要平静，山的轮廓和树的形状都非常清晰。水面很宽阔，不时地飘起一层水雾，和远山上的起雾相得益彰，把大景观分割成一段一段，层次分明。熊猫海边有些意外收获，看到两个野鸭很自在地在梳理羽毛周围立刻聚集了拍摄的人不过它们完全没有被打扰的感觉接下来，就是最著名的九寨招牌景点五花海了，下五花海有两条路，一条是走熊猫海到五花海栈道，可以看见熊猫海瀑布，为九寨落差最大的叠瀑；另一条是沿着车行公路向下走，可以一观五花海如孔雀开屏般的全景，因这俯瞰的效果，五花海又名孔雀海。([]
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程建宏“十.一”长假，对于行摄者来说是个非常纠结的假期，出行吧，怕人满为患，不出行，大好的秋季在家宅上七天，也是件非常难熬的事。今年“十.一”长假，恰逢有本地组织摄影团去东北摄影采风，线路的设计非常符合我的“要求”，线路冷门，又适合秋季摄影采风，于是，二话没说，俩字：报名！ 本次长假东北行摄线路为：徐州—烟台—大连—本溪洋湖沟—本溪中华枫林大道—吉林白山湖—长白山—盘锦红海滩—天津—徐州，总行程4100公里。 10.1徐州—烟台—大连 为了避开“十.一”出行高峰，清晨530，一行45人就从徐州淮海战役纪念塔北门出发前往烟台。原以为路上交通会比较拥堵，上了路后才感觉出，途中并没有想象的那么堵，从徐州到烟台，整个高速路均处于正常通行状态，从高速路服务区就可以看出道路状况，最让人担心的交通问没有显现出来，让领队与队员们既感到意外又倍感欣慰。 “十一”长假期间，服务区里呈现出这种状态，无论是不出门的还是出门在外的，这都是想象不到的景象吧？当然，我们也看到了高速路上有车堵不畅通的时候，但那是在我们对面的车道上，我们这一边的车道始终是畅通的，这充分说明了我们这次的线路选的是无比正确、无比英明。这就是我们此次出行的“飞燕”，就是她一路带着我们前行。以后的七天里，我们就要与她成为亲密伙伴，她将载着我们完成七天的行摄。 从徐州到烟台，一路畅通无阻，下午230，到达烟台港，330，我们准备上船，乘轮渡前往大连。 实话说，行走了这么些年，也乘坐过不少交通工具，但这样大型的滚装客轮我还是第一次乘坐。93年去舟山时曾经乘坐过舟山到宁波的轮船，但船的吨位远没有这么大。这渤海宝珠号是我有生以来乘坐的最大船舶了。查百度资料得知：渤海宝珠轮是中国自行设计建造的最大最豪华客滚船 ，2009年10月18日上午9时58分，在山东荣成黄海造船厂顺利下水。2010年春节前投入到渤海湾烟台至大连的运营中。该船总长163.95米，型宽25米，总吨位2万余吨。拥有2000米车道线，两层旅客舱、三层车辆舱，可装载大小车辆260多辆，载客1630人。装载车辆、旅客的能力为国内客滚船中第一。船舶设计航速18.5节，最大航速20.6节，烟台到大连5小时即可到达。难怪在我看来这就是个庞然大物，原来它确实算是普通客轮中的“航母”级客轮了。 下午300，乘客陆续登船。接下来，我们将同“飞燕”一起，同船从大海之上前往大连港。 “渤海宝珠号”船舶之大，光登船爬楼梯就得爬上七层楼，真真的让人仰视到了帽子掉。 下面的行程我们将在渤海宝珠上度过。。。。。。 上了船，虽然大家都有舱位，三等舱六人间，也蛮舒服的，可几乎没人在房间里呆着，放下行李便都拥到甲板上来了。烟台我曾来过，那次是到崆峒岛时来到烟台的，但烟台港没到过，这次就在船上好好看看烟台港吧。从徐州到大连，从烟台坐船是最近的距离，前两次到大连都是火车往返，这次能在海上航行，无疑又是一次新的旅行体验。对我而言，经历不同的旅行体验，是让我感到非常开心的事情，也是十分兴奋的时刻。因此，自从上了船，我就几乎没有一刻不在拍摄。 烟台港，在我的镜下如一幅幅画一样的展现了出来。。。。。。 烟台港共有三条航道，其中东港内航道长700米，宽90米，水深-8.7米，乘潮满载通航最大船舶吨级25000吨；东港外航道长2200米，宽100米，水深-8.7米，乘潮满载通航最大船舶吨级25000吨；西港区航道长3800米，宽100米，水深-11.5米，乘潮满载通航最大船舶吨级55000吨。 看着这场景，让我想起了八大样板戏中《海港》的唱词：看码头，好气派，机械列队江边排。大吊车，真厉害，成吨的钢铁，它轻轻地一抓就起来！ 上次去烟台只在海边呆了半天，没怎么看到烟台的城市面貌，这次在船上反倒看到了烟台的大概面貌呢。 开船了，船舶渐渐驶离了港口。。。。。。 开始了我们的海上旅程。。。。。。 渤海宝珠号驶向了大海，远处的港口渐行渐远。。。。。。 看着天空中的云层，我们期待着今天能在海上看到落日。 离开烟台港驶入大海后路过一个海岛，不知是不是崆峒岛，在这里看到了“沧海之上可耕田”的景象。这样的场景让我想起了福建霞浦，如今的渔民光靠打鱼是维持不了生计的，一部分的收入来源要靠养殖业。 苍茫的大海之上，因为有了这些养殖用的浮漂，让大海的画面丰富而美丽了许多。([]
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陈耀德Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
伊人AVAv伊人
毛隆蕙恰好你青春年少，恰好我风华正好。恰好你来，恰好我在。2015年2月16-2月26日越南行结束，走过河内、西贡、大叻、芽庄、美奈，也算是略微见识过越南的风土人情了。物价相对中国较低，民风相当不错，甚是喜欢。海岸线很长，无人沙滩到处是，对比三亚的“饺子湾”，完全天堂地狱之差。海鲜相对便宜，特别是小渔村里，简单粗暴的做法，又新鲜又好吃。因为去的都是比较成熟的旅游城市，大家英语水平都还不错，所以操着垃圾英语交流完全无障碍。花，简直是越南最好的装饰品，颜色缤纷绚丽，种类数不胜数，数量之多更是令人咂舌。可以这么说，眼睛能看到的地方，一定少不了花的装饰。由于时间关系，会安、岘港、下龙湾神马的都没有去，有时间会再去的，不过相对于旅游城市，更感兴趣的是那些越南人保持更原始的生活状态的地方了。2015.2.16-17 南宁-河内河内（Ha Noi）是一座拥有1000多年历史的古城，又是越南社会主义共和国的首都，还是越南第二大城市及政治中心。地处亚热带，因临近海洋（北部湾），气候宜人，花木繁茂，百花盛开，素有“百花春城”之称。国内去越南有很多方法，可以南宁坐汽车，可以坐火车，现在还有很多城市有直飞的航班。我们选择的是“南宁-凭祥-河内”的国际线，体验一把火车出国的感脚，下午6点左右出发，早上4点左右到。中途在中国边境和越南边境要拿着所有行李下车安检和办理出境入境手续。中国的正式一些，一个一个排队检查，越南边检是直接把所有人的护照收集起来，检查、盖章，再一个个叫名字发给大家。早上下火车，在路边吃了第一碗越南米粉(PHO，越南一大特色，物美价廉的典范。)，牛肉是现切的，味道真心不错。30，000VND一碗，后来发现是性价比最高的一家了。在越南说金额是省略三个零来说的，比如30，000VND，他们会说30千；300，000VND就是300千。人民币汇率大概是1：3000~3300,美元汇率高一些1：20000~22000。但是除了河内，其他地方人民币兑换要么汇率超级低，要么直接不能换。美元都可以换，但也要分面值，100面值的美元（有些地方50面值的也可以）的是最好换汇率最高的，其他的汇率都相对低一些。吃好饭去红河宾馆定好回南宁的大巴，早上7点30和9点30出发两个时间，票价170RMB。千万不要在国内定，贵的多。如果要买电话卡，在国内就可以网上买到。最好买包流量的那种，因为越南的流量真的太好用了。当地办卡的话，有些麻烦，因为大的营业厅不太好找，小店的话，你很可能搞不懂他说的套餐内容是什么，买错了很麻烦。也可以不用买，到处都有WIFI，你只需要问密码就可以了。河内景点：还剑湖，三十六街，巴亭广场，主席府，独柱寺等定好票就去了还剑湖(Ho Hoan Kiem)，说实话，不知道看什么。一个小池子，和国内小公园差不多。但是湖边花开的很好很灿烂也算不错。三十六街(36Bank Street)是热闹的小商圈，挨着还剑湖，各种工艺品小饰品民族服饰都可以买到。值得一逛。在三十六街，你才知道什么叫摩托车大国！大街小巷全是摩托车的影子，一个车上可坐下最多4人，没有限载，没有人行道，没有交通规则，如果胆子小一点，过街可能会成为你在越南的一个负担。但看似混乱的行驶中却隐隐藏着秩序（这是我后来深深佩服的一点，因为在越南十天，居然一起车祸擦挂都没有看到。）下午去了巴亭广场(Quang Truong Ba Dinh)和主席府。巴亭广场人很少，有别于天安门的人山人海。据说中间的字是用红宝石镶嵌的。主席府下午2点（越南时间比北京时间晚接近一小时）开始对外开放，需要买门票，越南景点门票都很便宜，折合人民币就是几块十几块。里面有出名的独柱寺(One Pillar Pagoda)可以看看。越南吃的真心不错，相较于东南亚其他国家偏重的饮食口味，越南饮食更加清爽可口。新鲜食材以蒸、凉拌、烤、闷等手法烹饪，配以青柠檬、香草、香菜、和鱼露等调料食用。其实我的感觉是每个菜都是一样的吃法，就是配以各种叶子菜，卷起来，蘸调料，吃。这里说的叶子菜不是指蔬菜，而是各种味道类似于鱼腥草、薄荷、香菜的叶子。在河内特别推荐这家连锁店—Quan An Ngon。这家店的建筑是法式别墅风格，加上越南色彩艳丽的花配村，相当漂亮。食物以摊档的形式展示，且云集了越南各类小吃。粥、春卷、米粉、海鲜、烧烤、各式甜点各类饮料应有尽有。必点的是越南春卷啦，据说是越南人最爱的一道菜了。味道真心不错，糯米皮卷上蔬菜海鲜杂七杂八的一堆，炸的酥酥脆脆的，蘸调料或不蘸都相当棒，不过和国内春卷一样的缺点，就是油腻。这家店人流量很大，人多只能分散开来坐，建议错开餐点去用餐。这家店人均消费大约30+RMB。2015.2.18胡志明市插话：从河内到西贡，我们选择的是捷星的航班，果然是廉价航班的典范，座位前后排很挤，腿放不直，坐立不安。飞机内空气质量很差，夹杂各种怪味道。飞机一路颠簸，胆战心惊。食物、饮品需要菜单点单，也就是需要消费，还可以买到包包帽子挂饰一类的东西，现场交易，和内蒙小飞机上一样的感脚。下飞机的瞬间，酸爽的像跑了一场马拉松一样，疲惫不堪几斤虚脱。酒店办好入住，直奔夜市，tiger喝了两瓶，终于缓过来一些（tiger是来越南前我唯一知道的越南啤酒，但这里比国内好喝多了，夜市价18，000VND，价格公道）。特别提醒：在越南，不管是飞机票还是汽车票，非常随意的就是一张A4纸而已，一定要保管好这张纸！胡志明市（TP.HO CHI MINH），我们口中的西贡（SAI GON）。胡志明市在法属时期原名为西贡，南越解放后为纪念胡志明更名为胡志明市。好玩的是，胡志明原名阮必成,参加革命后又曾改名为阮爱国，胡志明并不是他本来的名字。胡志明市是越南直辖市，也是越南最大的城市和经济中心。相较于河内，这里繁华热闹许多，游客也比较多。游胡志明市，我认为最好的方式莫过于拿份地图闲逛。中央邮局，红教堂，西贡市政厅，范老五街，统一宫•••走路不远，打车更近。中央邮局（Buu Dien Sai Gon），建于19世纪末，由法国建筑师设计，大厅内部装饰华丽，圆顶极富古典气息。在这里寄一张明信片，写一封信，都是很好的体验。这里的美元汇率是1：22000,应该是我在越南遇到最高的了，人民币很低，1：3000，大部分国家的钱这里都可以兑换。红教堂（Nha Tho Duc Ba），胡志明市圣母大教堂，因为全部使用红砖建造，所以又叫红教堂。红教堂是天主教堂，且至今仍在使用，建造教堂的红砖全部从法国运来，建造耗时6年，建成于1883年，神奇的是至今没有丝毫褪色。挨着中央邮局，和邮局共同形成一个90°角。坐在邮局的大树下，从侧面仰视黄昏的红教堂，一丝云飘在那里，整个教堂恰好占据你的全部视线，眨眼就像按下快门一样，脑子里自动生成这一刻的图片且永久存放。西贡市政厅（Ho Chi Minh City Hall），法式建筑风格，不要太漂亮了！没有国内市政厅的严肃沉闷，明丽的色彩，临街的随意，更像是婚纱照的背景建筑呢。我想如果我在里面办公的话，肯定工作效率会翻倍吧，哈哈哈。插话：最值得购买的特色产品是商店里销售的西贡香水，小瓶子是精致的越南女子造型，分为河内小姐、顺化小姐、西贡小姐三种，用三种香味代表着三个城市的女子。为什么说香水是推别值得购买的呢，因为越南盛产各种天然香料，法国香水的香料大部分都是来源于越南，只是越南香水一直没有得到好的发展，但近几年越南香水也做的越来越好了。越南香水和白虎膏、牛角梳被称为“越南三宝”。范老五街（Pham Ngu Lao）是晚上去的，正好今天是新年（越南是世界上少数几个使用农历的国家之一，也是少数几个全国过春节的国家之一），和中国一样。范老五街非常热闹，就好像在西贡旅行的来自世界各地的人都汇聚在这里一样，一起过越南春节。越南春节守岁的方式非常奇特且不知所以，必须和大家分享一下。全部的人都在街边一排一排的小板凳面对街道坐好，凳子整齐划一，面前摆着高一点的凳子，放着啤酒饮料，放着小吃，朋友们一起闲散的聊天，和街对面的人一不小心就面面相觑，小店放着不知名的越南歌曲，偶尔一个表演喷火吞刀片的人出现，街上还有骑着摩托车的人目不斜视的通过。就这样所有人静静的等12点到来，然后远处烟花绽放，所有人起立欢呼。这就是守岁了。一开始我以为，一定是有表演吧，在路中间，所以大家这样一排一排的坐好，结果，nothing。也算是一种奇特的体验了吧。有一种街边小吃，炸鱿鱼，很好吃，可以试试。说起春节，小伙伴们一定要注意了，越南人对春节很重视，会有表演，会装饰街道，会盛装出席，也会放假！餐厅也是会放假的哈，我们就是定了一个餐厅，和小伙伴约好各自逛，然后晚上一起去那集合吃饭，结果到那里时，发现人家放假了，只能现找别的地方。由于是除夕，其实很多餐厅都会放假，所以最好看到什么吃什么，哈哈。2015.2.19-20大叻大叻（72;à LN41;t）是越南林同省省会。该市的海拔高度为1500米，很多湖泊、深林，平均气温为17°C，最热的季节不超过25°C。大叻被誉为越南私藏的法国，城里密布着色彩鲜艳的法国老别墅，你随便去小巷子里面转转，到处是别墅，用各种花装扮起来，就像爱丽丝漫游仙境的感觉一样，不过提醒你，很多人家都有狗，很凶那种。街道两旁总是花团锦簇，绣球花，开的刚好，这里就是我想象中的花城。春香湖（ Xuan Huong Lake），一个人工开挖的占地5平方公里的月牙形湖泊。狭长的湖面波光潋滟，绿柳环绕，松树挺拔，草坪青翠，视线开阔。你可以湖边餐厅喝一杯咖啡，静看天上云卷云舒，也可以划着小船，在月牙里穿梭，你还可以，骑着单车环湖，360度无死角的感受春香湖的美。最喜欢是湖边的一栋紫色餐厅--blue water,可能因为我是一个紫色控吧，紫色屋顶，紫色桌布，紫色太阳伞，倒影在水中那叫一个赏心悦目啊，大爱。大叻大学，于1957由越南天主教委员会成立，称为“大叻大学院”。当时是西原教育最重要的中心。1975年，西贡沦陷大叻大学院改名为大叻大学。我们是骑单车去的，学校当时在放假，在没有人的校园里骑单车，一路欢声笑语，很有初恋的感脚还是。大叻玛丽修道院（Domaine de Marie Church）,粉红的颜色可能是它最为引人注目的特点了。白天在蓝天白云的映衬下，粉色的修道院真是可爱俏皮，但是夜晚，深蓝色天幕下，修道院又反而端庄肃穆起来。她是有生命的，我这样觉得。疯狂的房子（Hang Nga Crazy House），是前越南共和国总统的女儿nga设计的，nga一定是个美丽又大胆的女子，才能经过自己独特的设计，让它变成了现在的样子。“人从诞生之初就与自然有着密不可分的联系”，nga的这个设计理念贯穿于整幢建筑。我不知该怎么给你描述它，两个字就是—疯狂！它可以狭窄的只能一个人穿过，它可以低矮的必须弯腰通行，它可以直通云端让你双脚颤抖，它可以断壁残垣像废弃的筒子楼，它又可以让你觉得自己是掉进兔子洞里的爱丽丝，是被龙卷风带到奥兹国的桃乐丝，又或者是思念玫瑰花的小王子。我无法给你描述它是怎样的，哪怕我拿着nga的设计图纸也讲不好，但它就如它的名字一样，它是疯狂的。大叻旧火车站（Da Lat Train Station）,它就是我们想象中老火车站应该有的样子。被誉为越南最美的火车站，又一个典型的法式建筑。如果你有时间，买张票，坐坐这个开往Trai Mat（附近的小镇）的老火车，也许有一些穿越的感觉也未可知。大叻夜市，很热闹，很便宜。小摊子都可以尝尝，很多当地特色的小吃可以吃。地摊拖鞋17，000VND一双，买了一双，质量还不错呢。话说越南拖鞋在中国也是出名的，所以压根没带拖鞋出门，想说在越南直接买。结果在河内和西贡我看的都很贵，一直没买，没想到大叻这么便宜，价格差了十几倍。插话：在春香湖我和小伙伴租的自行车环湖，老板是一个中年男人，收了每人一小时的钱就直接把车给我们了，木有押金，木有押证件，连登记一下都木有。还车时我们把超时的钱给老板了，我很好奇问老板，为什么这么信任我们，他打趣说因为你长得漂亮啊，然后给我们看他女儿的照片，一个眉清目秀的姑娘，和老板一样善良的面孔。我不能以点概面的说越南人如何如何，我只能说我的感觉，温暖刚好，谢谢在异乡来自陌生人的信任。2015.2.21-22芽庄芽庄位于越南中部沿海地区的兴和省，是越南众多滨海城市当中一个较为僻静的海边小城市，拥有越南最好的海滩，绵延数公里。与海上七大奇观的下龙湾相比较，芽庄的恬静内敛得到更多外国游客的关注，所以很多春节去越南旅行的人大年三十都在芽庄过年。婆那加占婆塔（PoNagarChamTowers），婆那加占婆塔建于公元7-12世纪间，是印度教的建筑，供奉的是天依女神（Po Nagar）。占婆塔的建筑风格有些吴哥窟的味道，又叫小吴哥窟，但是规模小的多，雕刻也没有那么的细致。门票21，000VND。开放时间：600-1800。进门要记得脱鞋子哦。保大别墅（BietThuCauDa）门票2000VND，在这里可以观赏到南海的风光，餐厅顾客通常免费。龙山塔（ChuaTinhHoiKhanhHoa），免门票。建筑上的龙形马赛克是由琉璃和陶瓷瓦片装饰而成的。这座塔寺始建于19世纪，至今寺中还住着和尚。在寺后的山上，有一尊全镇都看得见的大坐佛雕像。从这座佛像的位置，你也可以俯瞰整个芽庄。龙塔寺离火车站非常近，只有500M左右。如果你住的酒店楼层高一些，站在楼顶就能看到这座坐佛雕像了。我们住的九楼，十楼餐厅和十一楼泳池都能看到。芽庄四岛：黑岛（Mun Island）、第一岛（Mot Island）、银岛（Tam Island）还有一个岛是水族馆，水族馆是需要自费的。芽庄其实有9个岛屿，至于芽庄四岛游是怎么成为当地旅游者必参与的项目我也很好奇。芽庄四岛游是很成熟的一日游线路，但是成熟也意味着人多，模式固定死板。一天的时间拿来游游泳，看看珊瑚，潜水，晒晒太阳，参加船上的节目表演和跳水运动。水族馆可能是世界上最小的了吧。有意思的是节目了，大副水手和厨房师傅拿上自制乐器就成了乐队，导游首先会带领大家唱不少当地的歌带动气氛，然后邀请船上的各国游客表演，一时之间，各国的歌曲舞蹈都见识了。玩的HIGH的导游还会反串女生进行表演，也是挺拼了。刺激一点就是参加跳水游戏了，三个船围起来形成一个小范围的水池，游戏规则很简单，只要跳到水里，就有免费的红酒喝。导游拿了游泳圈坐在海中央，等着大家纷纷入海，然后分你一杯美酒。安全性还是很高的，你一下水就会有人给你扔过去游泳圈，不会游的也可以带着游泳圈下水。关于吃的部分，因为是春节，又因为芽庄实在太多外国游客，所以餐厅其实真的没有想象中的便宜。都说芽庄龙虾便宜，但是一定要去小摊子上吃，所有的海鲜产品在餐厅和在小摊子价格差几倍，至于味道么，我在芽庄住了两天，真心觉得小摊子更好吃呢。关于玩的部分，推荐给大家一个酒吧—Sailing Club。买票进去，20，000VND一个人，送酒一杯。沙滩上建造的背靠大海的舞台，沙滩就是舞池了，十点开始，劲歌热舞high爆海岸线。美女非常多，各国美女争奇斗艳，穿的都很性感火辣，舞姿尤其热辣。男男女女自发的进入沙滩舞池，跟着台上的歌者舞者一起唱起来跳起来，晚些时候，DJ会把这里变成开放空间里的夜店，干冰、音乐、灯光、美女帅哥一一到位，只剩HIGH了，没别的。（带LP出行的勿入，小心回家跪搓衣板哦~）插话：其实和三亚的“饺子湾”比较，你就是在芽庄的海滩上什么都不做，躺一天，也是相当惬意的一天。外话，三亚有个叫后海的小渔村很不错，挨着蜈支洲岛，早晨当地市场买海鲜，旅馆厨房自己加工一下，便宜新鲜又好吃。后海是中国看日出最美的地方了。可以风筝冲浪。另一边海滩有一些低矮的礁石，沙滩不算宽，水质却相当好，沙也够细。重点是一下午，可能也只有几个当地的渔民在抓傻瓜鱼或几个零散的游客出现在你的视野里。背后的小山是一个废弃的海防基地。这几年那边已经开始开发了，网上也能看到一些介绍，但相较于“饺子湾”还是好很多的。2015.2.23-24美奈美奈（Mui Ne）是位于越南东南部的一个渔村小镇，这里有长约50km的绵长海滩，椰风海浪，水清沙幼，游人不多，是越南南部不可不去的海滩之一。旅游最佳时间是每年的十二月到来年的5月，年平均气温27°C，全年湿热。鱼露，在美奈是重要的经济来源。白沙丘（White sand dune），左手大海，右手沙漠的奇景，就在这里了。几乎算是没有开发的景点，虽然很多人都知道这里，但当地人似乎不把这里当景点呢。你可以沙漠越野，骑鸵鸟，可以划船，可以滑沙，可以喝着椰汁躺在吊床上晒太阳。红沙滩（Red Sand dune），顾名思义就是红色的沙滩了。其实准确说应该是红沙丘吧这里。有一点小沙漠的感觉，滑沙是这里唯一也是最有意思的游戏，当然把自己或同伴埋起来也是不错的，哈哈。仙女溪（Fairy stream） ， 一条溪流，水质清澈，水里的沙子很软，岸边生长有四叶草等植物。在仙女溪游玩是要赤脚淌水逆行，所以穿短裤或短裙以及溯溪鞋或拖鞋是最方便的。属于典型的红沙黏土地带流水地貌。山腰上的小泉水流出来，带着土林地表的红沙黏土流到谷底，慢慢的，溪水被染成了红色，也称：红溪。门票是最惊奇的，5，000VND，折合人名币1块多钱，旁边的厕所呢，收费也是5，000VND，哈哈。美奈渔村，一定要去！绝对是一个摄影的绝佳地方。沙滩上铺满贝壳，水面上飘着一个个圆形小船，小船上插着红色旗帜，夕阳余晖洒下来，整个海面变成金色，波光粼粼，小船变成模糊的形状，随着水波荡漾，这时候你只需静静站在那里，就可以成为谁梦中的风景。“你站在沙滩看风景，看风景的人在岸边看你，夕阳的余晖装饰了你的记忆，你装饰了别人的梦”在美奈住了两天，这里的宾馆都很有特色，外部环境极好，沙滩、泳池、草坪、秋千、台球桌、各种植物花卉，就是度假村的节奏。内部环境却很不咋样，蚊虫多，设施旧，潮湿闷热导致房间内空气质量欠佳。我们换了两家酒店，这是通病。美奈吃的很便宜，小餐厅里6个人点了一桌子，每个人的主食和各种小吃饮品，才折合人民币100块。鲜榨果汁好喝又便宜，可以在卖果汁的店买一点新鲜芦荟，晒过太阳的皮肤敷一敷芦荟，非常不错。一直忘记说Mojito，是一种传统的古巴鸡尾酒。味道清新又带点青涩，并不浓烈。和国内mojito味道不同在于，我在美奈点的Mojito薄荷叶碾得太碎了，浓烈的薄荷味和苏打水的味道盖过了其他所有味道，让小伙伴们直呼太涩了。主料：青柠檬 黄柠檬 薄荷。辅料：薄荷叶 朗姆酒 苏打水 砂糖 冰块。制作简单，小伙伴可以在家轻松操作。 2015.2.25-26胡志明市-河内-南宁返程，胡志明市飞河内，河内汽车到南宁。来的时候是火车，回去选择的是汽车。早上在红河宾馆上车，中途司机会停下来让大家吃午饭，这个时候你多的越南盾就可以买礼品了，比机场便宜，但是做工比较粗糙，饭店人都会简单的中文。除了饭店，在入境换乘的地方也有商店，可以买一些特产，但是全部是中国人开的店了。汽车边检，和火车流程几乎一样。下车，摆渡车拉到越南边检处，过越南境边检，摆渡车拉到中国边检处，过中国边检（这时你可以看到熟悉的中文了），摆渡车拉到换乘的地方，然后你就可以坐车回南宁了。记得手机开关机一次或调一次飞行模式哦。南宁中山路的小吃非常多，一定要去。友情提示：南宁taxi在车站负一楼，超级长队拍着，最好事先定好车来接。来一组越南菜。因为在越南是包车的 所以没有写坐车的经历 网上有很多坐车的攻略不过 都可以找得到啦大叻教堂，夜景越南tiger比国内好喝多了，哈哈100美金换了2100，000越南盾，瞬间土豪的感脚。mojito,青柠檬、柠檬、薄荷叶、朗姆酒、苏打水、糖···要不要自己回家试着做一个呢，哈哈滴漏咖啡，这个可以尝尝。不过喝过的人一般分两种反应，一种超爱，一种很不屑，觉得比速溶还难喝。我觉的还好，平时很少喝咖啡的没什么评判准。越南春节的街头随拍。越南是全球少数几个用农历的国家，和中国一样也要过春节。越南电话卡，建议在国内买好先，买那种包流量的卡。在越南表示真的没看到营业厅，小店里去问了，资费一直说不清楚，很麻烦。越南春节守岁的方式非常奇特且不知所以，必须和大家分享一下。全部的人都在街边一排一排的小板凳面对街道坐好，凳子整齐划一，面前摆着高一点的凳子，放着啤酒饮料，放着小吃，朋友们一起闲散的聊天，和街对面的人一不小心就面面相觑，小店放着不知名的越南歌曲，偶尔一个表演喷火吞刀片的人出现，街上还有骑着摩托车的人目不斜视的通过。就这样所有人静静的等12点到来，然后远处烟花绽放，所有人起立欢呼。这就是守岁了。一开始我以为，一定是有表演吧，在路中间，所以大家这样一排一排的坐好，结果，nothing。也算是一种奇特的体验了吧。越南一种小吃，是炸的鱿鱼，味道还不错哦，建议一试。不仅是芒果 连买青枣也要给你发几个辣椒面 真实独特的吃法啊在越南看到的麻将大叻大学，骑车去看看这个历史悠久的大学，趁着没有开课的时候，也是挺浪漫的了胡志明的简易地图 每个地方都隔的很近 完全可以步行的捷星的飞机 回忆起来 还是那么爽！大叻春香湖 捷星机票越南空姐 我想知道 如何被刷屏的~([]
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蔡哲玮金秋十月，有幸与中国民俗摄影协会徐州分会一起去华北晋冀摄影采风行。国庆长假，对去哪里和怎么去一直是个很纠结的事情。十一长假，金秋季节，不出去吧，觉得错失好季节，出去吧，又担心车满人满，到哪里都是人挤人，人挨人，这对于不爱凑热闹的驴友影友们而言是个大忌。正巧摄影协会也在讨论此事，最后决定走一条冷门线路，来一次金秋晋冀摄影采风行，哇，好线路，二话不说，咱报名，于是乎，就“成就”了这趟旅行线路：徐州—清西陵—紫荆关长城—蔚州古城—上苏庄—空中草原—蔚县—暖泉古镇—大同—悬空寺—应县—恒山—平遥—徐州D19月30日 徐州—清西陵 9月30日晚上8：00，一行32人包了一辆大客出发了，一车的欢声笑语，一夜的辛苦旅途，于10月1日清晨到达此行的第一站——清西陵。D2 10.1清西陵—紫荆关—乌龙沟—蔚县 清西陵位于河北省易县城西15公里处永宁山下，离北京120多公里。周界约100公里，面积达800余平方公里。清西陵是清代自雍正时起四位皇帝的陵寝之地，陵内共有14座陵墓，包括雍正的泰陵、嘉庆的昌陵、道光的慕陵和光绪的崇陵。此外还有3座后陵，以及若干座公主、妃子园寝。我们第一个参观的是光绪的崇陵。崇陵是光绪皇帝的陵墓，也是我国最后一座帝王陵墓。光绪帝名载湉，爱新觉罗氏。其父是道光皇帝的第七子醇亲王，其母叶赫那拉氏，是慈禧太后的胞妹。同治帝病故后，由慈禧太后做主，指定继承皇位。崇陵始建于1909年，陵址名叫金龙峪。其规模虽不如雍正、嘉庆的陵墓那样庞大，没有大碑亭、石像生等建筑，但它除继承清代建陵规制，参照咸丰帝定陵、同治帝惠陵的风格外，又吸收了古代建筑技术的某些精华，仍具有它的特色。整个陵寝根据守卫和祭把的需要，建筑了五孔桥、巡房、牌楼门、神厨库、三路三孔桥、朝房、班房、隆恩门、燎炉、配殿、隆思殿、三座门、石五供、方城、明楼、宝顶和地宫。 皇家的陵寝就是不一样，入陵的牌楼门都是这么有气派。 步入牌楼门 看这汉白玉桥栏杆的“三路三孔桥”，真有天安门金水桥的范儿。 隆思殿内用的木料均为异常珍贵的铜藻、铁藻，质地坚硬无比，用这种木料制作一把普通太师椅，重量竟高达百余斤，所以隆思殿被誉为“铜梁铁柱”，且梁架之间增加了隔架料，既能托顶，又使殿内更加美观。隆思殿内的四根明柱，底部有海水江涯图案，柱身为一条金龙盘绕向上，较其它帝陵的宝相花更加富丽堂皇。 尽管非常之奢华，皇家，最终也随着流逝的时光成为了过去。。。。 后面的这座院落，便是光绪皇帝的陵寝。光绪登基时，正值清朝面临内忧外患，营造陵寝的工程不能如期破土动工，一直拖延到1908年，光绪皇帝驾崩，1909年才由宣统朝着手操办。修建期间，清朝已走向灭亡，宣统皇帝与隆裕皇太后退位，于是向中华民国政府提出要求：“德宗崇陵未完工程，如制妥修，其奉安典礼，仍如旧制，所有实用经费，均由中华民国支出。”当时，南京临时政府的议和代表及各省都督，对清室要求宽大应许。正门显然不是我们走的，我们自然是走边门进入。 光绪驾崩时，陵还未建，他的梓宫(棺椁)在故宫观德殿暂安。1909年3月，光绪的棺椁又由观德殿迁往西陵梁格庄行宫停放，一路起落，共耗银438400多两。虽然北京至西陵当时已通火车，但光绪棺椁仍用人抬。前面有卫兵开道，随后是皇帝和王公大臣，后面还有隆裕皇后、瑾贵妃等，最后是1400多辆轿车。棺椁拾至阜城门，仅十里远，就撤掉纸钱1000斤，用银260两。北京至西陵行程240华里，抬杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，轮流抬着棺椁艰苦行进。沿途支搭三宿芦殿，耗银29000两，经过四天三夜，才把光绪的棺椁运到梁格庄行宫，安放于正殿之中。不知当时从北京至西陵行程240华里，杠夫每天分为60班，每班128人，经过四天三夜，轮流抬着棺椁是如何艰苦行进的，但从这陵寝正殿可以感受出当时的排场了。正在这高大的地宫正殿前拍摄，突然从上面跑下来一个孩子，我赶紧抓住机会咔嚓了一张，为这阴气沉重的陵寝增添了点“活气”。来此参观的人们大多是来凭吊下这段历史的，同时也通过这些看看皇家的奢靡生活。 大殿下面的地宫才是摆放灵柩的地方。 据说在光绪的棺椁正式安放崇陵地宫之际，清朝的遗老遗少还在这座帝王陵前，演出了一幕极尽愚忠的闹剧。光绪的老师梁鼎芬是比较典型的一位，他在崇陵的修建过程中，经常到工地瞻祝，为工程的修建筹款募捐。在为光绪送葬时，他由两个亲随搀扶着在陵前执绋(牵引灵枢的大绳)，从行宫一直走到下宫殿。当人们将棺椁、随葬品布置妥当退出地宫后，唯有梁鼎芬疯疯癫癫地坐在地宫内预备给光绪殉葬。后被其亲随背出，才算完事。还真有为清朝皇帝自愿殉葬的忠臣哦。尽管清廷的遗臣为修建崇陵费尽心思，光绪还是没有能够在他的地下寝宫里平安地长眠下去。1931年军阀混战时期，一伙不明身份的兵匪盗掘了崇陵地宫，多数随葬品被劫走。 地宫中合葬着光绪帝和他的隆裕皇后，这是他们的棺椁，其陪葬物品自然是一无所有了。 。。。。。。。。 清西陵北依峰峦叠翠的永宁山，景态雄伟。 这里有华北地区最大的古松林，数以万计的古松、古柏把这一带装点得清秀葱郁，古朴大方。 这陵墓前还有个壁照，也是用来辟邪的吗？ 为了增强排水性能，每个宫殿基部都建有2米宽的散水，明楼前和三座门前分别挖砌了御带河，地宫内凿有14个水眼与龙须沟相通。 妃子墓，妃子墓的琉璃瓦装饰就不是黄色的而是绿色的了。 这满院子里的树让这沉寂的陵墓区不显得那么阴森了。 这是珍妃的墓。清帝后妃有两位女子曾获“珍妃”这一封号，一位是道光帝珍妃赫舍里氏，另一位就是广为人知的光绪帝宠妃他他拉氏。珍妃（1876年－1900年），他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人。清朝光绪皇帝妃子，也是最为受宠的妃子，后因获罪于慈禧而被投井杀害。而道光帝的珍妃赫舍里氏（1804－？）则卒年葬处不详。恪顺皇贵妃（1876年—1900年）他他拉氏，满洲镶红旗人，人们一般习惯按她曾获封的珍妃来称呼她。清朝光绪皇帝的侧妃，也是最为受宠的妃子，生于光绪二年二月初三为礼部左侍郎长叙之女。光绪十四年(1888年)10月初五慈禧太后选定其弟，副都统桂祥的女儿叶赫那拉氏为光绪帝之后，同时封珍妃与她的姐姐瑾妃为嫔，时瑾嫔15岁，珍嫔13岁。光绪二十年，两人同时晋封为妃。珍妃其祖父乃陕甘总督裕泰，其父长叙曾任户部右侍郎，其伯父长善乃广州将军，珍妃与其姊瑾妃自幼随长善在广州长大。珍妃10岁那年，长善卸任广州将军，她与姊姊随同北返北京。 1889年，珍妃两姊妹被入选宫中，13岁的她被封为珍嫔，15岁的姐姐封为瑾嫔，嫔为九等宫女序列中的第六等，直至光绪二十年甲午春(1894年)，因慈禧太后六旬万寿加恩得晋嫔为妃，前面还有皇后、皇贵妃、贵妃三个等级。光绪26年(1900年)8月初，八国联军集结兵力进攻北京，慈禧太后挟持光绪帝慌忙出逃。[行前，命太监将幽禁于北三所寿药房中的珍妃唤出，推入位于慈宁宫后贞顺门的井中淹死。当时，珍妃年仅25岁。 瑾妃的墓光绪十四年（1888年），在光绪帝的选后大典上，瑾妃和妹妹珍妃同时入选，成为光绪皇帝的妃子，并在隔年元月行大婚礼，之后个别以瑾嫔和珍嫔的身分入宫。在入宫之后，瑾嫔住在东六宫之一的永和宫，妹妹珍妃也同样的住在同为东六宫之一的景仁宫。瑾嫔在宫中并未如妹妹珍嫔一般，获得光绪帝之宠幸，相反的，她和皇后—叶赫那拉˙静芬一般受到冷落，但瑾嫔并不以为意。六年之后，两人被晋升为瑾妃和珍妃。光绪二十年（1894年），珍妃因故得罪慈禧太后，姊姊瑾妃也受到牵连而一同被降为贵人，但在隔年两人又恢复了原本的妃子位号，但珍妃却受到了监禁，而瑾妃却依然保有自由、继续住在永和宫。光绪二十六年（1900年）七月，八国联军攻入京师，慈禧太后携宫眷出逃紫禁城，瑾妃便是其中一员。在宣统皇帝溥仪登基之后，瑾妃继续住在永和宫，并被尊为兼祧皇考瑾贵妃。在宣统逊位后，上徽号为端康皇太妃，她和溥仪的关系似乎不坏，溥仪称他为皇阿娘，每遇年节还会请她一同欢庆。溥仪退位后的次年，隆裕太后崩逝，瑾妃在四大太妃的地位中有所提高，她在四大太妃中年龄最轻，思想也较开通。民国十一年，在逊清朝廷为溥仪议婚时，瑾妃支持以婉容为皇后。瑾妃在永和宫过著很有品味的生活，时常以丹青书法自娱。在永和宫的摆设中，有着数样的瓶盘盆景、上头都镶嵌著精致出色的钟表和花鸟人物，同时她也是一位美食家，经常派人到京城附近的天福号买酱肘子供她吃早餐，由于瑾妃喜爱美食，因此永和宫里的小膳房，烹饪相当地出色，逊清的王公旧臣都爱吃她赏的饭。1923年,瑾妃五十寿辰,特邀请梅兰芳等著名京剧演员入宫演戏. 民国十三年（1924年），在和溥仪及其余逊清皇室成员欢度中秋佳节后，瑾妃受了风寒一病不起，五天后因情况恶化而死在永和宫，享年五十一岁，并以端康皇贵妃的身分，下葬于光绪帝的崇陵妃园寝。谥为温靖皇贵妃。在崇陵，还有做骑马旅游生意的，只是这么点路程，并没什么人骑马，这里的马儿就悠哉悠哉了。参观完崇陵接着去看泰陵。雍正的泰陵，居于陵区的中心位置，是清西陵中建筑最早、规模最大的一座。其余各陵则分布在东西两侧。 泰陵的神道，由三层巨砖铺成，两边苍松翠柏，上南往北分布着40多项大大小小的建筑。 ([]
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